Sunday, December 29, 2019

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Human Development

Human growth and development is an incredibly complex process, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. At certain times and for certain developments, genetic influences dominate, whereas at other times, environmental influences are more powerful which emphasizes the fact that genetic and environmental forces are always working together (Sigelman and Rider, 2009). This paper will examine that part of human growth and development which may observed in the early childhood period (preschool years), in particular that area of growth and development termed â€Å"morality†. The complexity of this area and the concepts involved necessitates a rather expansive look at the perspectives on Moral Development in order to develop contextual†¦show more content†¦Kohlberg (1963, 1981, 1984; Colby Kohlberg, 1987) expanded Piaget’s work, developing a most influential cognitive developmental theory of moral development. Kohlberg proposed the progression through the invariant, universal sequence of three moral levels each composed of two distinct stages. According to Kohlberg, no stage can be skipped, neither will there be a regression to an earlier stage. Kohlberg’s assessment can be summarised as; a) Preconventional morality - rules are externalized and conformation is motivated by the desire to avoid punishment or obtain personal reward. Self perspective is dominant: â€Å"what I like or what I can get away with is right.† Stage 1: Punishment obedience orientation: the consequences determine the goodness or badness of an act. Obedience is to avoid punishment but â€Å"if it won’t be punished then it’s not wrong†; the severity of the punishment or the greatness of the harm done determines the level ofShow MoreRelatedHuman Behavior And Human Development Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy of human genes is increasingly improving our understanding of human development, it is not solely our genetic makeup that determines how we will develop. Humans as a species share many universal traits, which make it easy to disregard the large influence the environment plays in development. Throughout the lifespan, the environment presents itself in many different positions that help determine and shape human development. By looking at the influence of the environment and genetics on human developmentRead MoreEssay about Child Development, Nature vs Nurture801 Words   |  4 Pagesnature v ersus nurture debate is one of the oldest issues in psychology. The debate centers on the relative contributions ofgenetic inheritance  and  environmental factors  to human development. Some philosophers such as Plato and Descartes suggested that certain things are inborn, or that they simply occur naturally regardless of environmental influences. Other well-known thinkers such as John Locke believed in what is known as  tabula rasa, which suggests that the mind begins as a blank slate. AccordingRead MoreBehavioral Differences Between Different Types Of Families905 Words   |  4 Pagesof Families Over the years genetics has proven to be the fundamental component of human composition; it dictates a person’s hair color or eye color, but does the same apply to our own personality? People like to think that they alone are responsible for the actions they take, but recent studies has proved that, that very sentiment may not be true. Based on the experiment discussed in the article The Minnesota study of twins reared apart it can be concluded that genetic factors also known as genomesRead More Nature and Nuture Essay713 Words   |  3 PagesThe question is this: How can we distinguish between the environmental causes of behavior and heredity causes? This question embodies the nature-nurture issue. John B. Watson argued that each is made, not born. He discounted the importance of heredity, maintaining that behavior is managed entirely by the environment. Indeed he boldly claimed: Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own special world to bring them up in and Ill guarantee to take any one at random and train himRead MoreIndividual Diffferences - How environmental factors affect Personality Intelligence1525 Words   |  7 PagesDescribe and evaluate the ways in which environmental factors can impact on the development of an individual’s personality and intelligence. The discussion in this essay entails the extent to which environmental factors impact an individual’s development of personality and intelligence. Development can be defined as ‘improvement in function’ which would imply that it occurs with the progression of age. Personality has been found to have a substantial genetic influence however economic and social factorsRead MoreWhat Drives Adult Personality Development?1542 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion #1 According to Specht, Bleidorn, Dennisen, Henneck, Huteman, Kandler, Luhmann, Orth, Reitz and Zimmerman’s article (2014) What Drives Adult Personality Development? A Comparison of Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Evidence In terms of adult personality development, the most prominent perspectives utilize genetic and environmental factors into their models. Some examples of these theories consist of the five factor theory of personality and neo-social analytic theory (Specht et al., 2014)Read MoreWhat are the Main Influences of Intelligence?754 Words   |  3 PagesThe 20th and 21rst centuries have seen incredible and important developments within the framework of scientific understanding of Humanity. The exponential growth of specific scientific and biological knowledge over time has called for the creation of multiple fields of specialization regarding human architecture. Human beings are essentially composed of strains of nucleic acid that determines a person’s individual traits. Does this mean that one’s existence is only defined by one’s gene? Is biodiversityRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture Debate1366 Words   |  6 Pageswhich our genetics or environment, affects our behaviour and developmental stages. Nature is described as the genetic material that makes up an individual. Nurture can be described as the way in which the environment and experiences of an individual influence their behavior and development. The debate has centered on which is a greater factor for many years but current contemporary views accept and acknowledge the intricacy of the developmental procedure and recognize that â€Å"development is not theRead MoreThe Processes by Which Genes and Environment Operate Together to Influence Development1597 Words   |  7 PagesThe Processes by Which Genes and Environment Operate Together to Influence Development Psychologists have argued for centuries over which has played the larger role in child development, heredity or environment. The British philosopher John Locke (1632 –1704) proposed one of the first theories in the seventeenth century. Locke believed that a child was bornRead MoreGenetic and Environmental Influences on Individual Intelligence1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe evidence for genetic contribution to individual intelligence are (1) Family studies indicate that intelligence occurs in families, (2) Twin studies illustrate a greater link within identical twins in IQ than between non-identical, or fraternal , twins. This is true even when identical twins raised apart are contrasted with fraternal twins reared together. (3) Adoption studies suggest that adopted children are slightly comparable to their biological parents in intelligence. The focus here is

Saturday, December 21, 2019

The Age Of Prohibition By Daniel Okrent - 1513 Words

In January 1920 the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of American took effect in the beginning of Prohibition. That is, that laws preventing the sale, shipment, and distribution of alcohol beverages in the United States. It was no sudden impulse of Congress and or the states, this came after eighty years of agitation, political posturing and being sick of crime rates being outrageous. Daniel Okrent seeks to explain the build up to the era passage of the Amendments, the public’s activities in the age of Prohibition, the ultimate repeal of the law by the 21st Amendment, and the final outcomes of how this affected everything. I thought the prologue was so grabbing and actually made you want to read the book. It gave you a true sense of how everyone felt the first day of the beginning of the prohibition. It made you feel as if you were there. THE STREETS OF San Francisco were jammed. A frenzy of cars, trucks, wagons, and every other imaginable form of conveyance crisscrossed the town and battled its steepest hills. Porches, staircase landings, and sidewalks were piled high with boxes and crates delivered on the last possible day before transporting their contents would become illegal. The next morning, the Chronicle reported that people whose beer, liquor, and wine had not arrived by midnight were left to stand in their doorways with haggard faces and glittering eyes. Just two weeks earlier, on the last New Year s Eve before Prohibition, franticShow MoreRelatedWhy The Prohibition Is The Era Of The United States852 Words   |  4 Pagessale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors†(Okrent, 1) within the United States and its territories. This new decade is called the Prohibition. The prohibition is the era of bizarre and engaging images of speakeasies, intoxicated flappers dancing the Charleston, bootleggers, and mobsters protecting illegal trades. Daniel Okrent seeks to explain the build up to the era, passage of the 18th Amendment, the public s activities in the age of Prohibition, the ultimate repeal of the law by the 21st AmendmentRead MoreThe Negative Impact of American Prohibition1632 Words   |  7 Pagescalled the Prohibition era.† (Scott, Robert.) Many people called this time â€Å"The Roaring Twenties† and the â€Å"Jazz Age†, new music appeared, along with new dances and a new and exciting era for women. Also, a general relaxation of standards after the stressful years of WWII. (Prohibition.) Prohibition in the 20’s was also called the â€Å"Noble Experiment† by many, because it was America’s first try at the prohibition of alcohol on a national level that many people didn’t agree with. Prohibition has changed

Friday, December 13, 2019

Marginalized Populations Free Essays

April 14,2010 Communication for Marginalized Populations By: Nae Robinson Axia College of University of Phoenix HCA 230 Communication Skills for the Health Car Professional In this assignment we had to pick the best scenario for the four scenario that was given. I chose scenario 1, about an elderly woman who went to see the doctor for a examination her name is Mrs. Elson. We will write a custom essay sample on Marginalized Populations or any similar topic only for you Order Now She had a 24-year old medical assistant name Rosie who has been working in primary care practice for six months. While examining Mrs. Elson she weigh her, and took her blood pressure, at the same time she notice that Mrs. Elson was hard of hearing and show signs of stress and anxiety and seem confused about her results. We had three choices to choose from to see how the assistant would handle it and I chose choice 2 which states: â€Å" Mrs. Elson, your blood pressure is somewhat above normal–but normal can mean different numbers for different people. † â€Å" And what does that mean for me? † Mrs. Elson asks. Rosie says, â€Å" The doctor will have so much more information to share with you as to whether you have a problem and how to resolve it if you do. † I will be sure to document your question in the chart so he can address it with you. Accounting to the feedback for my choice, it is important that the technician keep the elderly patient in a positive mood, and diffuse extra anxiety above that which naturally occurs in a setting such as this. It is okay to share the blood pressure numbers; it is also possible to just say– â€Å"it is a little elevated. It is not the province of the medical technician to make personal commentary as to the reasons for this elevation. Essentially although she is a caregiver, she is not the primary caregiver, and does not have the expertise to make pronouncements or decisions for the patient. In scenario 3, you had a 39-year old woman from Venezuela who name is Ramona. She is an illegal alien with a green card pending and had been in the Un ited States for 17-years. This patient can speak English but do not speak it well so she have her 10-year old daughter interprets for her who’s name is Patricia. Jane, is the medical assistant who come in the examining room to discuss the problem with Ramona. The best choice for this situation is choice 1 which states: Hello, my name is Jane, Dr. Haven assistant, I am here to get you ready to see the doctor. How are you Ramona? And who is this beautiful child with you? Ramona responds, â€Å" This is my daughter, Patricia. † If I do not understand everything that you or the doctor says, Patricia can always help us out and interpret for me. â€Å" Good†, says Jane. â€Å" That what we need. † So what seems to be the problem. The feedback for the choice I pick states: Jane made Ramona and Patricia comfortable through friendly dialogue and by acknowledging Patricia. Now Ramona will be able to converse much more easily with the doctor, and Patricia will likely contribute valuable information. Last but not least scenario 4, we have a situation about the emergency room and how busy they can be. And if a situation is not of life or death people must sign in and wait to be call. We have a patient who walk in the emergency room name Marty, who eyes are red-rimmed and his breathing is rapid and shallow. He appears mussed, and not too clean. He moves erratically to the registration counter, where Maura is waiting to sign in patients. Now let’s see how she handle this situation with Marty. Out of the three choices number 2 is the best choice on how Maura handle the situation and it states: â€Å" Sir, you look in distress. † May I help you? I need help, said Marty. â€Å" What seems to be the problem? † Asks Maura. â€Å" Well, Marty says, I’m a farmer; I know it is allergy season, but I took my Asthma medicine and still can’t breathe! Please help me. According to the feedback for the choice I made; Maura, concern about the patient’s health, rather than his physical appearance, by identifying that Marty was in serious respiratory distress. By recognizing that he deserved as much or more care than other patients in the room, Maura correctly fulfilled her role as administrative staff. Good job Maura!!! I feel that this lesson from the simulatio n activity is to help handle different situations that may come up when you are a caregiver and work in the population. It also show how to handle ourselves and communicate with our patient’s on their level so they can understand us better. How to cite Marginalized Populations, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Nature Of Business Combinations And The Required Disclosures

Question: Write essay about the nature of business combination and required disclosures including referencing. Answer: Business combination is a type of merge wherein the two merging companies assets are consolidated as on under the ownership of one single person. Thus the fact that the controlling interest vests in the hands of a single business entity is its main feature. Business combinations generally takes place between entities which are in the same line of business activities so as to derive the benefit of large scale production and thus reduce cost of production. This in turn enables to cut down the competition in the market significantly. The accounting for business combinations is also very clearly spelt out so as to ensure that the combining entities have the ease to work together while adhering to the statutory requirements as per IFRS3 (Khan, 2015). Business combinations are of various nature and all have various requirements of disclosures. The disclosure is a mandate as it is through a financial statement of an entity that the end users are made aware of the activities that the organization has undertaken. The various nature of business combination and the disclosures exclusively for the combinations are enumerated as under: 1. Horizontal Combination: In the said nature the entities with similar lines of operation combine their activities so as to achieve economies of production and greater market share. Such as mergers and acquisitions. Merger is a method wherein two entities join hands and acquisition is a method where an entity known as the acquirer takes over the other entity known as acquire for financial benefits. Thus mergers are always friendly in nature whereas acquisitions can be mutual as well as hostile. But both kinds of combinations are done so as to create a monopoly or to gather a larger market share. It is a sort of horizontal combination (Singla, 2011). The said type of combination requires entities to disclose the purpose of acquisition, the goodwill it calculated via this association, the purchase price and the forms in which such purchase consideration is being fulfilled (Sai, 2015). 2. Vertical Combination: This nature of business engagement is internal to an organization. It basically thrives towards integrating various departments under the guidance of a single managing authority. This basically leads to a better communication between departments, thus reducing wastages, better co-ordination between the demand and supply chain and thus maximizing the profits. This kind of combinations are generally seen in a more positive manner by the investors as it prevents dilution of their interests and is less costly a method. Its disclosures basically needs to highlight the various departments that have been integrated and the kinds of benefits the entity has or expects to derive from such a combination (Rasel 2014). 3. Circular Combination: This sort of combination is basically to establish a big business empire with varied businesses and none of them are connected to each other but managed by a common business house. The perfect example for the same is that of TATA Group of companies which are engaged in iron and steel production, sugar industry, salt industry, motor vehicles and many more and none of them is dependent on each other for their production, marketing or sales processes. Even the disclosure requirements are different and the accounting standards applicable also varies industry wise (Qureshi, 2016). Thus a combination wherein different industries come together under the same roof of the management is known as circular combination. The disclosure requirements of such a combination is very simple. Individual financial statements are prepared and when the parent groups results are published then a detail regarding its other businesses are only published. However the annual report of th e various industries under one management are different (Bradford, 2013). 4. Diagonal combination: This type of combination involves the main units of an organization to join hands with its ancillary industries whose services are required for the smooth and a speedy discharge of duties. For example a newspaper industry ties up with a transportation company so as to enable speedy delivery of the newspaper to its customers . This helps the ain industry function smoothly. Thus the disclosure requirements for such type of business combination is very simple. It just needs to disclose the reason for such an acquisition and the benefits with regards the scale of operations as well as monetary gains is to be established. The combination with an ancillary industry may not be a very expensive affair as the organization being acquired may be a small one and hence the cost of purchase may not be too high to effect the main business. Apart from some specific disclosures required to be made for the various kinds of business combinations that an entity undertakes following are also needed to spelt out: The name and full description of the firm being acquired. The date from which such a combination came into effect. The amount of controlling interest acquired. The reason for such a combination. The methodology using which the purchase consideration has been arrived at (Financial Accounting standard Board, 2007). Thus on a concluding note it is clear that a business combinations leads to a number of important financial as well as operational changes which is very significant to be disclosed for the investors and the users of the financial statement. Assessing of the effects of a business combination post transaction on the profitability and the cash flows is very crucial. This assessment enables to understand how successful has the said business combination been for the acquirer and what value addition it has done for the shareholders. Lastly it is to be understood if a combination takes place after the reporting year ends but before th financial statement is issued then a disclosure for the same is a must. It is a very common practice in todays scenario to keep on acquiring businesses and indulge into various kinds of combinations so as to be able to survive this competition. References: Khan, W., 2015, Business Combination, viewed on 21st May 2016. Sai, S., 2015, Business Combination: Concept, Causes and Forms, viewed on 21st May 2016. Rasel, 2014, Different Types of Business Combination, viewed on 21st May 2016. Financial Accounting standard Board, 2007, Statement of financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations, viewed on 20th May 2016. Bradford, S., 2013, Types of Business Combinations, viewed on 21st May 2016.. Singla, R.K., 2011,Business Organization, VK (India) Enterprises: India Qureshi, S., 2016, What is Business Combination and its types, viewed on 21st May 2016.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

United Nations and International Peace

Introduction United Nations is an international organization, established in 1945 after the Second World War following the dire consequences of the First and the Second World Wars. Although the First World War led to the establishment of the League of Nations in order to promote international peace and security, it failed to prevent the occurrence of the Second World War. To overcome the flaws in the League of Nations, the United Nations was formed on 26 June 1945, when the Charter of the United Nations was signed by member states.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on United Nations and International Peace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The functions of the United Nations as stipulated in the Article 1 include maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, promoting international cooperation in problem solving and harmonization of the collective responsibility of the natio ns (Auden, 1997, p. 50). This essay examines the role of the United Nations in maintenance of international peace and security, and its effectiveness as empowered by the charter. The United Nations Provisions The Charter of the United Nations Article 24 empowers the Security Council to exercise the functions of the United Nation. According to the International Court of Justice (2010), the United Nations members â€Å"confer on the Security Council primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, and agree that in carrying out its duties under this responsibility the Security Council acts on their behalf.† The Security Council has prerogative of determining peace and security status of the member states by ensuring that every member has equal rights of protection. The Security Council should discharge its functions as stipulated in chapters VI, VII, and XII in the Charter of the United Nations. Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter deals with Pacific Settlement of Disputes. This chapter empowers the Security Council to call disputing parties to solve any dispute â€Å"by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice† (Browne, 2003, p. 16). The Security Council identify, investigate and recommend appropriate procedures of addressing situations that may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security to the International Court of Justice (Novak, 2001, p. 5). In chapter VII, the United Nations Charter gives powers to the security to â€Å"determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, or decide what measures shall be taken in accordance with Article 41 and 42, to maintain or restore international peace and security† (Miller, 1999, p. 67). The Security Council will use all means to make sure that al l its members are protected against any threat to peace or an aggression.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In chapter VII, the United Nations Charter empowers the Security Council to ensure that any regional arrangements that involve maintenance of the international peace and security should comply with the United Nations purposes and principles. According to the Article 52, â€Å"the Security Council shall encourage the development of pacific settlement of local disputes through such regional arrangements or by such regional agencies either on the initiative of the states concerned or by reference from the Security Council† (Brader, 2005, p. 78). The Security Council should be updated â€Å"at all times about the activities undertaken or in contemplation under regional arrangements or by regional agencies for the maintenance of international peace and securityâ⠂¬  (Smith, 2002, p. 33). Since the United Nations Security Council is responsible for the maintenance of peace and security worldwide, then any issues related to peace and security are of great concern lest they threaten peace and security of others. Effectiveness of the United Nations Political nature of the General Assembly and the Security Council hinder the effectiveness of the United Nations in fostering international peace and security. Simon (2009) argues that, ‘the United Nations’ efforts to preserve international peace and security are the most contentious aspect of its entire work, because of the inherently political nature of its role† (p. 23). The resolution of conflicts and disputes depend on the political orientation of the General Assembly, Security Council and member states thus complicating the issues. The decision to invade Iraq was formulated politically by George Bush and Tony Blair to deceive the world that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction. Prados and Ames (2010), argue that, â€Å"the evidence indicates the decision was made very early, long before ultimatums to Iraq or other diplomatic action.† This shows that the main reason for Iraq invasion was political rather than a security reason. Another case is the cold war between the United State and Soviet Union where Baruch describes it as â€Å"the most important political and diplomatic issue of the early post war period† (2007). The split of the Soviet Union was due to political influence of the United Nations. Conclusion The main reason for the establishment of the United Nations was save the world against horrible consequences of war. Horrible experiences of First and Second World War made the world leaders to come together and think of various ways of preventing the future occurrence of war.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on United Nations and International Peace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pag e Learn More The United Nations in its Security Council arm is fostering international peace and security through legal procedures, diplomacy and military peacekeeping. With this noble responsibility, the United Nations experiences undue political pressure as they maintain international peace and security. References Auden, H. (1997). The United Nations Charter. Human Rights Journal, 22(3): 45-53. Print. Baruch, B. (2007). Cold War. Global Security. Web. Brader, S. (2005). International Relations: Peace and Security. New York. Norton. 78. Browne, M. (2003). United Nations Peacekeeping: Issues for Congress. The Library of  Congress, 6(2): 1-16. International Court of Justice, (2010). The Charter of the United Nations. Web. Miller, T. (1999). Peace Treaties and the United Nations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 67.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Novak, G. (2001). The Security Council: United Nations. Journal of Human rights, 3(1): 5. Prados, J., Ames, C. (2010). The Iraq War: U.S. and British Documents Give No Indication Alternatives Were Seriously Considered. National Security Archive. Web. Simon, T. (2009). International Peace Security: Basic Charter Provisions. United  Nations Review, 34(9): 23. Smith, P. (2002). The Charter of the United Nations. The Expositional Journal, 12(1): 32-33. This essay on United Nations and International Peace was written and submitted by user Amare Hoffman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Fat

Fat The Body She just finished eating a meal, which consisted of a cheeseburger, fries, and a bowl of ice cream. She then wonders, "how many calories does all this food have"? Also she thinks, "how much fatter will I be in the morning"? As she puts her jeans on, she noticed that it was much harder for them to go up. By this point she's thinking that she is definitely fat. She says to herself, "I am a blimp and, if I keep eating these unhealthy foods, my jeans will never fit. In any case, she is worried sick about her looks. She feels that the most important thing is for people to accept her and if she doesn't have a model figure, they won't. After stressing the subject for a long time, she asked herself, "How important is my mage and to what pint should my body be starved?" Many may read this and not give it a second thought.English: Part of tutorial in Human body diagrams, ...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Perception Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Perception - Essay Example However, the process of becoming a good leader need not be a trial and error, hard knocks experience. We are lucky that equipped with open minds and the willingness to learn, we can draw from the experiences and wisdoms of leaders who have invaluable lessons to share with us. Perhaps the most important characteristic of a leader is Integrity. People need leaders whom they can look up to and trust, especially when it comes to standards of ethics and morality. People must find comfort in knowing that the person who leads them is asking them to the right and just things. The leader must possess the rightness of conscience consistent with those possessed by his followers. Only when given such a situation can a leader enjoy the full support of his followers; and the followers would freely give their support to their leader, knowing that he would not ask of them what he himself is not willing to do. The logical trait to follow is Consistency. Followers must perceive their leader to be reli able and trustworthy, and not tentative. They must find assurance in the fact that their leader is following a consistent frame of thought and course of action. More so, consistency establishes the perception that the leader knows his business and has done his homework. People’s trust in their leaders is further reinforced by the latter’s ability to admit mistakes. This gives credence to the leader, since the ability to admit mistakes provides a fair and just environment. Followers will find assurance that their leader will not â€Å"pass the buck:† at their expense. A leader must also have the ability to listen to his followers. This ensures that all possible options are explored and the best possible decisions are made. This ability also ensures that the unique circumstances or situations of followers are given consideration in every decision that is made. Lastly, a leader must be decisive. The final decision often lies in the leader. He must